Dr. Arthur Vidrine was a medical doctor from Ville Platte, Louisiana. He is best known for operating on politician Huey Long after Long was shot.

Vidrine was named superintendent of Charity Hospital. In May 1931 Governor Huey Long named him as the first dean of the newly established Louisiana State University Medical School in New Orleans.

Vidrine operated on Huey Long in Baton Rouge, Louisiana on September 9, 1935 after Long was shot. It became necessary to perform the two hour surgery, during which he repaired two small wounds in the colon and sutured the abdomen closed, when the two surgeons Long had called for from New Orleans were delayed. Vidrine was later criticized by other doctors for failing to notice Long's kidney wound that caused internal bleeding and ultimately led to his death.