The Yenisei-Ostyak language family is spoken in central Siberia. Only two languages remain of this family, Ket, with around 1,000 speakers and Yugh, with less than 5 speakers remaining, possibly extinct. Other probable members of this family, including Arin, Assan, Pumpokol and Kott, have been extinct for over a century.

The unrelated Ostyak language is an old name for Khant, a Ugric language.